Typewriting machine



41. WALDHEIM. TYPEWRITING MACHINE.` APPLICATION FILED APH. 20 I920.

LM 9, 182. Patented June 13, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

- 1. wALuHE-lM-.-

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FIITED APR. 20, 1'920.

Patented June 13, 1922.

3 SHEETS-#SHEET 2.

J. WALDHEINI.

T YPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED APR.20.1920.

Patented June 13, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

either on one side or the other side of the point of connection of theoperating typekey connected thereto, whereby either the type-bar of oneset or the type-bar of the other set will be operated. The position ofthe segment may be changed by a shift-key, to give the selection betweenthe two sets rof type-bars.

For the selection of the types of the short type-bars, the type-headsthereon have a normalposition corresponding to the printing of one setof types thereon, and an abnormal posi-tion corresponding to theprinting of the other set of` types; the abnormal position beingdetermined by a rail which shifts each type-head as the type-bar movesup to print.

Platen-shifting mechanism is provided in combination with the long setof typeebars, which have their type-blocks rigidly secured thereto andset at various angles of the typebars as in the Underwood standardtypewriter. The platen-shifting mechanism comprises a case-shift keywhich may be connected to operate the type-shifting mechanisin forcausing the type-blocks of the short bars to be shifted radially. Eitherone of two sets of types may be selected by a styleshift or selectingkey. Either one of the case-shifting mechanisms is connectible by thestyle-shift-key to the case-shift key. Thus, with this arrangement,there is provided a case-shift-key which may actuate either one of twocase-shift-mechanisms, the

,effectiveness of the case-shift-key being under the control of thestyle-shift-key.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the same keyboard may berendered effective, by means of a key, to bring the types of either setto the printing point, andV that by suitable mechanism, operated byanother key, the types in either set may be caused to print eitherupper-case or lower-case letters.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical section, taken from front to rear, with partsomitted. to simplify the showing` ln this view, the vmachine is in acondition to print small, vert-ical characters corresponding to afulcruming of the upper ends of the floating levers, and thus the use ofthe long set of type-bars and the rear set of types thereon.

Figure 2 is a front view in elevation, partly broken away to show theunderlying structure, and showing the fulcrum segments in their normalpositions in which the long set of type-bars is effective.

Figure 3 is a detail view, in front elevation, of the fulcrum segments,showing them connected as a unit and in their shifted position; thestyle-shift-key is, therefore, in its depressed position.

Figure 4 is a horizontal view of part of y printing point.

one of the short type-bars,.with the typehead broken away to show thepivotal connection thereof to the type-bar and the means ofyieldinglylocking the type-head in either of its adjusted positions.

Figure 5 is a view of the parts shown in Figure 4, exceptthat it is notbroken away. rlhis view illustrates one of the type-bars off to oneside. i

Considering more particularly the separate parts of the invention,character keys 1 depress key-levers 2 to rock same about an intermediatepivot 3. ltach key-lever is connected to rock a bell-crank 4, about aful- Crum 4a intermediate the ends thereof, to swing a floating lever 5,pivoted at 5tL to the upper end of the bell-crank 4. These upper ends ofthe bellscranks 4 are bent so as to lie in radial planes which intersectat the This is done so thatthe floating levers may be radially disposedin substantially the same planes with the links 6 and 7 and type-bars 8and 9, to which the links are connected. Thereare two sets of type-bars8 and 9, the type-bars of one set being alternately placed between thoseof the other set, and both sets are supported on suitable segments 8aand 9, respectively, which may be of any well-known construction. When atyp`e-bar of either set is operated, it is swung up rearwardly to causeroman style of types, indicated generally` at 10, or italic style oftypes, indicated generally at 10a, depending upon the set to which thetype-bar belongs, to strike the platen 11, which may be mounted torotate on a carriage of any well-known character.

The sets of type-bars 8 and 9, as above stated, aie provided withdifferent styles of types 10 (roman) and 10El (italic), respectively.'lo selectively render either the roman types 10 or italic types 10aeffective,

or, in other words, to determine which set of type-bars 8 and 9 shall bein use at any particular time, there is provided a styleshift-key 80,which, when depressed, rocks a shift-lever 81 about the pivot 3, so asto rock a bell-crank 15 (Figures 1 and 2), having a pin-and-slotconnection 16 with a pair of fulcrum plates 17 and 18. The fulcruinplates 17 and 18 mayy be curved and are connectedby strips 19 to form asegment 20 to move so that the fulcrum plates 17 and 18 may move as aunit. The segment 20 is supported for easy movement by means of rollers21 on a` suitable support. The rollers engage in grooves 21a, providedin the` segment. The segment 2O has a normal position, illustrated inFigure 2, and is moved against the tension of a springV 22, by the key80, to the Figure 8 position. The limits of movement of the segment aredetermined by a pin 23,

which extends between two stops 24 and 24, i

ment. 1t should be understood that other means for limiting the movementof the segment 2O may be used.

The purpose of the plates 17 and 18 is to form alternative fulcrums forthe lower and upper ends of the fioating levers 5. The alteration of thefulcrums is obtained by having the plates of the segment formed afterthe manner of combs with teeth or ridges 25 separated by slots 26. Theridges of the lower fulcrum plate 17 are radially opposite the slots ofthe upper fulcrum plate 18, and vice versa. The type-actions and thusthe floating levers are radially disposed about a common center. Thiscauses the plates 17 and 18 to either act as fulcrums for the lower endsof the lioating levers 5 or for the upper ends of the floating levers 5,according to the adjustment of the segment 20.

Normally, the roman types 10 are effective and the segment 2O is in theposition of Figures 1 and 2, with the ridges or teeth of the upper plate18 in register with the levers 5. Under these conditions, when one ofthe character keys 1 is depressed to rock the bell-crank 11, thebell-crank will tend to draw the associated floating lever 5 rearwardly.The upper end thereof, however, will be blocked against movement by oneof the ridges or obstructions 25 and the lower end will enter one of theslots 26, thereby drawing on the link 6 and thus swinging a type-bar 8up against the platen 11. The slots 26 are preferably long so as toguide the lever 5 in its movement.

Type-blocks 61 are rigidly secured to the long type-bars 8 and are seton the typebars at such an angle relative to the Shanks kof thetype-bars, as in the Underwood standard typewriter, so that the types 61will strike t-he platen 11 vertically. 1n combinationwith this set oftypes 61, I have shown case shifting mechanism, preferably aplaten-shift comprising a case-shift-key 62, which, when depressed,swings a lever 63 about a pivot 64 to cause a pin 65 controlled by saidlever to swing a lever 66 about its pivot 67 and pull downwardly on alink 68, which may be guided so as to have a roller 69 at its upper endoverlie a cross-bar 70 to move the latter downwardly and shift theplaten 11 from lower to upper-case position. The cross-bar 70 issupported at its ends by two arms 71 extending rearwardly from a rockshaft 72 supported vfor swinging movements on a typewriter carriage 78,` which may be guided to travel crosswise of the machine in anywell-known manner. The rock shaft 72 is provided withforwardly-extending arms 74, which, when the platen is being shiftedfrom lowerto uppercase position, swing upwardly to raise a platen frame75 carrying the platen 11. To assist in guiding the platen-frame duringcase-shifting movements of the platen 11, parallel links 76 areprovided.

. I have provided 'automatically-acftuated Thisis done when the segment20 is shiftedv for type-bar-selecting. For this purpose, thestyle-selecting-lever 81 is provided with a downwardly-projecting arm 82engaging with a pin 83, to slide a bar 84, guided in itsmovement andsupported on the caseshift-lever 63 bystuds 85, to move theslidebarrearwardly, thereby causing a disengagement of the pin 65 with the lever66, thus disconnecting the platen-shifting-mechanism from thecase-shift-key 62. At the same time, a hook 77 is moved into engagementwith a bent-off portion 78 of a link 79, to connect thecase-shift-mechanism for the type-blocks or type-heads 27, hereinafterdescribed, with the case-shift-key. The link 7 t) may be guided in anysuitable manner, so as to maintain the connection with the hook 77during the actuation of the latter. Suitable locking levers. 54 and 56,as indicated in Figure 1, may be provided to hold the case-shift-key 62and the style-shift-key 8O in their actuated positions. Suitable stopsmay also be provided to limit the movements of said keys.

When the ita-lic types 10Zt are effective, the slots in the upper plate18 are in register .with the upper ends of the levers, while the teethor ridges of the lower plates 17 are in register with the lower ends ofthe floating levers 5. Thus, when lone of the character keys 1 isdepressed, the lower end of the corresponding floating lever isobstructed in' its movement, so that the link 7 is drawn on to operateone of the type-bars 9 of the top set to cause italic types 10 to strikethe platen 11.

Each short type-bar 9 which may be operated, as above described, has aswinging type-head 2'7 with the types 10a thereon and which is pivotedto the type-bar at 28. Each type-head is normally locked in the positionshown in Figures land 4, by a spring detent 29 to yieldingly engage -i'nsockets 30, of which there are two, provided in the typehead. Eachltype-head can be swung around its pivot until the detent 29 enters theother socket 30 lto yieldingly lock the type-head in its shiftedposition. In the position ,of Figure 1, the lower-case type is used.Normally, that is to say, before case-shifting operations, either one ofthe type-bars 8 and 9 may be operated to print with lower-case type, asindicated in Figure 1. by rendering either set of type-bars effectivewith the style-shift-key 80. i

To perform case-shifting operations, for the types l()n on the smallbars 9, the small bars having been previously selected, the key 62 isdepressed to swing the key-lever 63 about its pivot 64 to draw down onthe link 9 which is .engaged by the hook 77, so as to rock an arm 36downwardly against the tension of a spring 35. The arm 36 is secured toa shaft 37, so as to rock the same, thereby moving a lever 38, securedthereto, to thrust rearwardly on a link 39. The link 39 is oper- .atedso as to have a substantially parallel movement by means of a secondlever 40 extending upwardly from a rock-shaft 40a and connected by alink 41 to the lever 38. The link 39 shifts a curved, obstructing orcamming rail 43, thereby rendering the caseshifting means for the smallbars effective. To maintain the camming rail 43 in its movementsubstantially parallel to itself, there is provided, in addition to thelink 39, links 44 and 45 at the ends of the rail 43 to support and guidethe rail when moved. 'Bell-cranks 46 and 47` move the links 44 and 45,to which they are respectively connected. The latter, in turn, areoperated by links 48 and 49 connected respectively to the iti-m36 and asimilar arm 5() secured to the rock shaft 3T. The links 44 and 45 areadditionally supported and guided in their movement by 'pivoted arms 5l.

The rail .43 underlies the outer ends of lugs 52 of the type-heads 27.When the caseshift-key 62 is operated, however, the rail is f movedrearward into the paths of cams 52a on the type-blocks 27, but does notchange the position of the type-heads 27 until a type-bar is actuallyoperated. `When a type-bar is operated, the rail 43 is engaged by theheel or cam 52"of type-head 2T, and rocks the typehead about its pivot28 to bring the uppercase character into use. When the type-head leavesthe rail 43, it is held in its shifted position by the detent 29 andswungs up to the platen 11, so as to cause the upper-case type thereonto strike the platen. When the typebar swings back from the platen toits normal inactive position, the type-head 27 is automatic-ally rocked.back to its lower-case position by the lug 52 engaging with the rail 43.

A suitable type-bar-rest 53 is provided, which supports the forward endsof the typeA bars 8 and 9 in their normal positions, as indicated inFigure 1. It will be seen by an inspection of Figure 1 that the lugs 52are normally out of engagement `with the obstructing bar 43. This slightclearance may be caused by the detents 29, the pointed ends of whichposition the type-blocks 27 relatively to the type-bars and move eachtypeblock slightly after the latter has returned to its normal position,thereby raising the lug 52 out of engagement with the associatedobstructing bar 43. This is done to avoid any unnecessary friction whenthe obstructing bar 43 is moved during a case-shifting operation.

it will be understood that each set of typel 2. Thecombinationwith aplaten, of type-- bars, a plurality of complete sets of alphabet typeson said type-bars, all of said types having a common printing point andco-operating with said platen, each set of types havingindependently-actuable case-shifting mechanism, and means, including asingle key, for actuating any one of said case-shiiting mechanisms. p

3. The combination with a platen, oftypebars, a plurality of completesets of alphabet types having a common printing point, and oo-operatingwith said platen, each set of types having independentlyactuablecaseshifting mechanism, a single key for actuating any one of saidcase-shifting mechanisms, and means for rendering any one of saidcaseshifting mechanisms under the control of the case-shift key. y i v p4. The `combination with a platen, of typebars, a plurality of completesets of alphabet types on said type-bars, all of said types cooperatingwith said platen and having a common printing point, `platencase-shifting means for one of said sets of types, and typecase-shifting means for another of said sets of types. y

5. The combination `with `a platen, of type-bars, a plurality ofcomplete sets of alphabet types on said type-bars,'all of said typesco-operating with said rplaten and having a common printing point,platen caseshifting means for one set of types, means `for eifecting aradial case-shifting of the types of the other set, and a single key foractuating any one of said, case-shifting means. Y r Y v 6. Thecombination with a platen, of typebars, a plurality of complete sets ofalphabet types on said type-bars, all of said types having a commonprinting point, and cooperating with said platen, platen case-shiftingmeans for one set of types, type caseshifting means `for effecting `aradial shifting of the types of the other set, a single key foractuating any one of said shifting means, and a key for selecting eitherset of types, said` key being eifectlve to render either one of saidshifting' means under the control of said first-mentioned key.

7. The combination with a platen, of a set of long type-bars and a setof short typebars, each set oi' type-bars having a complete set ofalphabet types, all of the types having a common printing point,platen-shifting mechanism for the types on the long type-bars,type-block shifting mechanism for the types on the short type-bars, aset of alphabet keys, and means whereby said keys may be made effectiveat will on one of said sets oil type-bars and the correspondingcase-shift mechanism rendered effective.

8. rThe combination with a platen, of two sets of type-bars, each sethaving a complete set of alphabet types thereon, all of the typeshavinga common printing point, and caseshift means including aplaten-shift effective only when one of said sets of type-bars iseffective.

9. The combination with a platen, of' a plurality of sets of type-bars,one of said sets having long type-bars, one of said sets having shorttype-bars, each set of typebars having a complete set of upper and'lower-case alphabet types, platen-shifting mechanism for the types onsaid lon typebars, and type-shifting mechanism for the types on saidshort type-bars.

l0. The combination with a platen, of typebars, a plurality of completesets of alphabet types on said type-bars, all of said type-bars having acommon printing point, platen-shifting means for one set of types,type-shifting means for one set of types, a key-lever, and a slidewhereby said key-lever may be connected with either of said shiftingmeans.

1l. The combination With a platen, of

type-bars, a plurality of complete sets of alphabet types on saidtype-bars, all of said types having a common printing point,platen-shifting means for one set of types, type-shifting means for oneset of types, a key-lever, a connecting member which may be moved topositions to connect said keylever with either of said shiftino means, aset of alphabet keys, and means for rendering said alphabet keys eectiveon the typebars of either one of said sets of alphabet types andconcomitantly moving,- said connecting member to render said key-levereffective on either said platen-shifting means or said type-shiftingmeans in accordance with the set of types to be used.

12. rlhe combination with a platen, of type-bars, a plurality ofcomplete sets of alphabet types on said type-bars, all of said typeshaving a common printing point, platen-shifting means for one set oftypes, typeshifting means for one set of types, a key-lever, and amember adapted to connect said key-lever to either of said .shiftingmeans mounted on said bar.

13. rlhe combination with a platen, of a plurality of sets of type-bars,each set of type-bars having a complete set of upper and lower-casetypes, all of the types having a common printing point, platen-shiftingmechanism for the types on one set of type-bars, and type-shiftingmechanism for the types on another set of type-bars.

JOHN WALDHEIM.

litnesses EDITH B. LIBBEY, JENNIE P. THORNE.

